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Pearl vs Cubic zirconia

Cubic zirconia is harder (Mohs 8–8.5) than Pearl (Mohs 2.5–4.5), so it resists scratching better; Pearl is softer than quartz dust (7) and needs more care in everyday rings.

Cubic zirconia has the higher refractive index (2.15–2.18 vs 1.53–1.69), which a refractometer (over-the-limit reading) can use to separate them.

Cubic zirconia is denser (SG 5.8 vs 2.71); a cubic zirconia of the same size weighs about 114% more.

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PropertyPearlCubic zirconia
Species / materialOrganic (nacre)Synthetic zirconium oxide
Mohs hardness2.5–4.58–8.5
Refractive index1.53–1.692.15–2.18
Specific gravity2.715.8
Crystal systemOrganicCubic
BirefringenceNot applicableNone (isotropic)

Values are typical ranges from standard gemmological references; individual stones can vary.

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