Sapphire vs Pearl
Sapphire is harder (Mohs 9) than Pearl (Mohs 2.5–4.5), so it resists scratching better; Pearl is softer than quartz dust (7) and needs more care in everyday rings.
Sapphire has the higher refractive index (1.762–1.770 vs 1.53–1.69), which a refractometer can use to separate them.
Sapphire is denser (SG 4 vs 2.71); a sapphire of the same size weighs about 48% more.
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| Property | Sapphire | Pearl |
|---|---|---|
| Species / material | Corundum | Organic (nacre) |
| Mohs hardness | 9 | 2.5–4.5 |
| Refractive index | 1.762–1.770 | 1.53–1.69 |
| Specific gravity | 4 | 2.71 |
| Crystal system | Trigonal | Organic |
| Birefringence | 0.008–0.010 | Not applicable |
Values are typical ranges from standard gemmological references; individual stones can vary.
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