Emerald vs Jadeite jade
Emerald is harder (Mohs 7.5–8) than Jadeite jade (Mohs 6.5–7), so it resists scratching better; Jadeite jade is softer than quartz dust (7) and needs more care in everyday rings.
Jadeite jade has the higher refractive index (1.66 vs 1.577–1.583), which a refractometer can use to separate them.
Jadeite jade is denser (SG 3.34 vs 2.72); a jadeite jade of the same size weighs about 23% more.
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| Property | Emerald | Jadeite jade |
|---|---|---|
| Species / material | Beryl | Jadeite (pyroxene) |
| Mohs hardness | 7.5–8 | 6.5–7 |
| Refractive index | 1.577–1.583 | 1.66 |
| Specific gravity | 2.72 | 3.34 |
| Crystal system | Hexagonal | Monoclinic (aggregate) |
| Birefringence | 0.005–0.009 | Not usually measurable |
Values are typical ranges from standard gemmological references; individual stones can vary.
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